Nigeria is by far the world’s largest producer of yams, accounting for over 70 –76 percent of the world production. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization report, in 1985, Nigeria produced 18.3 million tonnes of yam from 1.5 million hectares, representing 73.8 percent of total yam production in Africa. According to the 2008 figures, yam production in Nigeria has nearly doubled since 1985, with Nigeria producing 35.017 million metric tonnes with value equivalent of US$5.654 billion. In perspective, the world’s second and third largest producers of yams, Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana, only produced 6.9 and 4.8 million tonnes of yams in 2008 respectively. According to the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Nigeria accounted for about 70 percent of the world production amounting to 17 million tonnes from land area 2,837,000 hectares under yam cultivation.
According to the Food and Agricultural Organization from the Global Yams Market Report 2020-2025, worldwide yam production accounted for 72,580 tonnes, and countries like Nigeria and Ghana of the African region holds a significant share in the production as the yam cultivation started 11,000 years ago and is one of the primary commodity in the region. Since Nigeria is accountable for over 65% of yams produced globally making it the world’s largest contributor.
So, where is the hub responsible for these figures?
The experiencing naija team brings to you the largest yam market in West Africa called the Zaki-biam yam market in Ukum local government area of Benue state, Nigeria. From our previous post we discussed the investment opportunities in Benue State in which farming is one of the vital sector to invest in. The presence of the largest yam market in the state has also brought the state to limelight where many people from different regions of the world come to patronize the market. Among the multi-dimensional use of yam from cultural festivals, rituals to marriage rights, yam tubers are significantly used in other different ways.
Yam is a special tuber plant which has high carbohydrate content (low in fat and protein) and provides a good source of energy. Unpeeled yam has vitamin C. Yam, sweet in flavour, is consumed as boiled yam (as cooked vegetable) or fried in oil and then consumed. It is often pounded into a thick paste (Called “Pounded yam”) after boiling and is consumed with soup. It is also processed into flour for use in the preparation of the paste. Its medicinal use as a heart stimulant is attributed to its chemical composition. Its use as an industrial starch has also been established as the quality of some of the species is able to provide as much starch as in cereals.
The Zaki Biam market, believed to be the largest yam market in Nigeria and perhaps Africa, accounts for 70 per cent of yam cultivated in Nigeria. The market holds every day except Sundays, but Tuesdays and Wednesdays are the busiest. Even buyers from other African countries patronize the market. The storage facility located at Zaki Biam is reported to have the capacity to store up 200,000 tubers of yam. Whether for subsistence or commercial purposes, every household in Benue State is expected to own a yam farm.
The public relations officer, (Mr. Felix Loorkyaa) of the Yam shed owners and Yam sellers of the Zaki Biam market shared with Experiencing Naija team that about 200 Lorries of yam leave the market for the east and north daily. Also, a discussion with the director of special duties and a shed owner at Zaki Biam yam market reveals the in and out of the yam business where he stated that at least in a day he sells about two to three thousand tubers of yam daily. He also mentioned that the prices vary based on the sizes of the yam with the medium size yam being around 70 naira per one tuber. He intimated us with several names of the yam based on the sizes and also the nature.
One of the major challenges faced with yam farmers is the manual labour intensive process involved in yam cultivation. The use of traditional storage facilities like thatched hut to store yams is common among the farmers but this method fail to preserve yam from one harvesting season to another leading to a loss resulting from pest and decay. Our discussion with a trader from Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria reveals that the price of a lorry of yam goes for about four million naira and that the business is a very profitable one. No doubt, Benue State is a hub of investment which Nigerians need to harness as it satisfies the slogan “the food basket of the nation.”
Feel free to contact us, as we take you through several experiences in Nigeria. Do follow us on our pages: Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and Youtube. We promise to give you the best and accurate information about Nigeria and Nigerians.